The outcomes of fertility treatments and the health of children born through them are monitored worldwide. Studies have shown that children conceived through fertility treatments have certain structural abnormalities more frequently than those conceived naturally. The greatest risks are associated with severe male infertility, which may increase the risk of undescended testicles or structural abnormalities of the urethra in sons.
However, when comparing these data with couples who have been trying to conceive naturally for a long time, such differences do not appear. Therefore, the slightly increased risk is more likely related to the causes of infertility rather than the treatment itself.
If pregnancy hasn’t occurred after six months of regular trying, it’s a good idea to schedule fertility testing.
Treatment duration depends on many factors and the woman/couple’s
prognosis. After the initial evaluation, we do our best to give a realistic
estimate on how many rounds of treatments may be necessary. Especially
with the light treatment methods (ovulation induction and
insemination), it’s important to understand that the treatment typically may need to be
repeated. With IVF, it may also take several cycles or embryo transfers
before a successful pregnancy is achieved.
In Finland, there is no legal age limit for fertility treatments. At Ovumia clinics in Finland, we treat women under the age of 47. At
our Ovumia Nova Vita clinic in Tallinn, we treat women under the age of 51.
Up to 80–85% of our patients receive help from our fertility treatments. The success rate varies and depends mainly on the woman’s age. Our doctors choose treatment options based on your individual needs to maximize your chances of having a child.
Your doctor will determine the most suitable treatment method after a thorough consultation. During the initial consultation, we
assess possible factors for infertility and perform thorough a medical examination and ultrasound. For men, we recommend a semen analysis if one has never been performed or it has been done over a year ago.
Implantation is when an embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus and pregnancy begins. Successful implantation requires both a well-developed embryo and a uterine lining that is in the correct developmental phase and receptive to the embryo.
Even when an embryo is chromosomally normal and of good morphologial quality, implantation does not always occur. Several factors may affect this process, including quality of the uterine lining, hormonal factors, or certain immunological influences. Often, implantation failure results from a combination of factors, and a single clear cause cannot always be identified.
In treatments using your own gametes, the patient’s own eggs and/or partner’s sperm are used, and the success depends on their quality. In donor gamete treatment, the eggs or sperm come from a donor — this option is chosen when pregnancy with one’s own gametes is not possible or the chances of success are very low.
Yes, at Ovumia’s egg and sperm bank, we make new life possible by offering high-quality treatments using donated eggs and sperm.
The success rate for egg donation treatment at Ovumia clinics exceeds 50% from the first embryo transfer.
According to Finnish fertility treatment law, donors are reimbursed for expenses caused by the donation (daily allowance and travel costs) and receive compensation for any inconvenience. Medications and examinations required for the process are covered by the clinic. Donors also receive valuable information about their own fertility. However, the most important reason to donate is the desire to help, and the greatest reward is the beginning of a new life.
Yes. Pregnancy outcomes are often comparable to those achieved with fresh embryo transfers and, in some situations, may even be better—particularly when the embryo quality is good and the uterine lining has been carefully prepared for the transfer.
Estonian legislation regarding gamete donation differs slightly from some Nordic countries. In Estonia, egg and sperm donation is completely anonymous. For many international patients, this legal framework is specifically what they are seeking when they travel to Tallinn.
Most donors undergo stimulation and egg retrieval without complications. A small number may experience mild side effects from the hormone treatment. The ovaries temporarily enlarge during stimulation, which can cause mild lower-abdominal pressure or bloating.
During egg retrieval, IV medication is used to minimize discomfort. Complications are rare, and any potential risks are reviewed thoroughly with the doctor during treatment planning.
Yes! Ovumia’s laboratory director and experts are happy to answer questions and help you understand every step of the treatment path.
In most cases, yes, as long as it is delivered to the laboratory as instructed.
In Estonia, the age limit for infertility treatment is 50 years, so we treat women up to age 51 at the Tallinn clinic.
Yes. Donors have the right to withdraw up to a certain stage — this is clearly outlined in the treatment agreements.
Yes. Donating sperm is always voluntary, and you have the right to withdraw from the process at any time. You do not need to justify your decision—what matters is that you feel safe and confident at every stage.
Your consent is valid only until the donation procedure has begun. Until that point, you can change your mind without any pressure.
Yes, you can revoke your donation but without an effect on the treatments in which your sperm was already used for fertilization. It is not possible to revoke use of embryos that were created with sperm donated by you. A sperm donor can restrict the use of sperm for example to allow only treatments of couples or for treatment of a disease.
Yes. In Sweden, a person conceived through donor treatment has the right, once they reach adulthood, to obtain information about the donor’s identity.
Unfortunately, endometriosis cannot be prevented. However, treatment with contraceptives or hormones that discontinue the menstrual bleedings can slow its progression and alleviate the symptoms of the disease. In addition, it is known that women with endometriosis who become pregnant experience a significant improvement in their clinical condition.
Yes. Testosterone replacement therapy and anabolic steroids can severely reduce sperm production, sometimes to zero. We specialize in treating post-testosterone infertility.
Yes – often.
Sperm development takes about three months, which means improvements become visible only after some time.
A positive effect can be seen from:
a healthy diet and maintaining a normal weight
regular physical activity
sufficient sleep
reduced alcohol consumption
quitting cigarettes, snus, and other nicotine products
avoiding doping substances, testosterone supplements, and anabolic steroids
(which severely impair sperm production)
Our specialists will help you identify the next steps — whether medical treatment or fertility support is needed.
Complications during IVF treatment are very rare. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a possible complication and occurs in patients who respond strongly to hormone stimulation. Our experienced team closely monitors each patient to minimize the risk of OHSS. If you experience symptoms of overstimulation, such as abdominal swelling or shortness of breath, please contact us immediately for support and further care.
The outcomes of fertility treatments and the health of children born through them are monitored worldwide. Studies have shown that children conceived through fertility treatments have certain structural abnormalities more frequently than those conceived naturally. The greatest risks are associated with severe male infertility, which may increase the risk of undescended testicles or structural abnormalities of the urethra in sons.
However, when comparing these data with couples who have been trying to conceive naturally for a long time, such differences do not appear. Therefore, the slightly increased risk is more likely related to the causes of infertility rather than the treatment itself.
Our medical team and patient coordinators are fluent in English, and we offer full patient support and documentation in Finnish to ensure you feel completely comfortable and understood.
Various medications are used during IVF treatment. Your attending physician will prescribe the appropriate medications for you.
Medications may be administered as injections, nasal sprays, tablets, or vaginal suppositories. One of our midwives will provide you with detailed instructions on how to use your prescribed medications.
Ovumia Tallinn provides IVF and anonymous donor treatments. Ovumia has its own gamete bank so we can guarantee fast access to high-quality gametes.
We address erectile dysfunction specifically in the context of fertility and hormonal health. For general urinary or prostate issues, a urologist is the primary specialist, but we can help assess if hormonal imbalances are the cause.
No, IUI is generally painless and feels very similar to a standard gynecological check-up or a pap smear. It takes only a few minutes.
Yes. The chance of miscarriage increases with age, mainly because the likelihood of chromosomal errors rises.
No. Healthy men continuously produce sperm, so donating does not affect their ability to have children. Egg donation also does not reduce a woman’s fertility. The treatment involves retrieving maturing eggs that would naturally be lost during the cycle — in other words, the process saves eggs that would otherwise degenerate.
No fertility preservation method can guarantee pregnancy. However, freezing younger eggs or healthy sperm significantly increases your chances compared to relying on natural fertility later.
No. The examination is based on a semen sample and is completely painless.
Miscarriage (early pregnancy loss) is common, occurring in about 10% of clinically recognized pregnancies. The most frequent cause is chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo, which usually happen by chance during fertilisation and early development.
Send a question to our international patient coordinator or directly book a consultation here.
PCOS can affect fertility mainly through irregular or absent ovulation. Without regular ovulation, becoming pregnant may take longer. However, many people with PCOS conceive naturally, and effective treatments are available to support ovulation when needed.
Before egg freezing, ovulation is stimulated with hormone treatment for approximately two weeks. After the treatment, the eggs are retrieved.
The laboratory is responsible for egg processing, fertilization, embryo culture and transfer, ensuring safety and maximizing the chances of success.
Vitrification is a rapid freezing method that minimizes the formation of ice crystals and preserves the quality of the embryo better than traditional freezing.
Diagnosis is based on reviewing your menstrual cycle, a gynecological ultrasound, and specific hormone blood tests (such as checking androgen levels and AMH) to rule out other conditions.
There is no single treatment that suits everyone with PMOS. Care is tailored to individual symptoms and life goals. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, hormonal treatments to regulate the menstrual cycle or medications to support ovulation.
There is no specific test to detect endometriosis, but it can be suspected through symptoms and a physical examination. In some cases, an imaging test (ultrasound or MRI) may be helpful. The only way to know for sure if you have endometriosis is to remove endometrial tissue through surgery and analyze it.
The appropriate treatment method is determined after a thorough medical consultation. During the initial visit, an assessment of the causes of infertility, a medical examination, and an ultrasound are performed. Men are advised to undergo a semen analysis if one has not been performed within the past year.
Donors are carefully screened from Ovumia’s own gamete bank. During your consultations, we discuss which donor information can be considered (such as physical characteristics) and how the selection process works in practice. You will always receive up‑to‑date information about availability and next steps.
Sometimes treatment is successful on the first try; in other cases, several attempts are needed. Factors influencing success include age, preparation of the uterine lining and individual circumstances. Overall, donor treatments offer many patients excellent chances of pregnancy. We provide a realistic assessment of your starting point and explain how we can support the best possible outcome. It is encouraging to know that at Ovumia’s clinics, the success rate of donor egg treatment exceeds 50% already on the first attempt.
Absolutely. Many patients start with 2 to 3 cycles of IUI. If a pregnancy is not achieved, we can seamlessly transition your treatment plan to IVF.
In most cases, yes. A miscarriage does not mean you cannot conceive again. Many miscarriages are sporadic events related to chance chromosomal changes, and most people go on to have a successful pregnancy.
No, you do not need a referral. You can simply book an appointment directly with our clinic.
The use of frozen embryos makes it possible to attempt pregnancy without undergoing a new cycle of ovarian hormone stimulation or egg retrieval.
The results reflect the current situation but is it recommended to repeat the examination every 6-12 months, if pregnancy has not been achieved.
Embryos can be stored frozen for several years. This makes it possible to plan the timing of embryo transfer flexibly to suit one’s personal life situation and family planning goals.
Embryos can be safely stored for many years without a decrease in quality, allowing treatment to continue when the time is right.
Frozen sperm can be stored for many years. By freezing sperm, fertility is preserved and the possibility of having children at a later stage remains.
With modern freezing techniques and liquid nitrogen storage, sperm can be safely stored for many years.
The sample is analyzed in our laboratory immediately after collection. Your doctor will discuss the comprehensive results and the next steps with you shortly after.
The length of treatment varies individually. In successful cycles ovulation usually takes place between cycle days 10 and 18. Many women respond within the first few cycles, but it may take up to 4–6 cycles to achieve pregnancy. If ovulation does not occur or pregnancy has not been achieved within this time, your doctor may recommend other fertility treatment options.
The duration of treatment depends on several factors and the patient’s prognosis. During the initial consultation, the fertility specialist will provide a realistic estimate of how many treatment cycles may be necessary. With less invasive methods (such as ovulation induction or insemination), treatment is often repeated. Even with IVF treatment, pregnancy may not be achieved until after several cycles or embryo transfers.
Although the law permits the transfer of up to three embryos, the clinic’s policy is to perform single embryo transfer (SET) in order to prioritize patient safety and optimize treatment outcomes.
After egg retrieval and hormonal stimulation, the ovaries need time to rest and recover. From a medical perspective, a new treatment cycle should not be started with the first bleeding after treatment. Instead, it is recommended to wait until the next menstrual period. In addition to physical recovery, it is also important to be mentally prepared for another IVF cycle, as each treatment brings new expectations.
Surgery should be considered when chronic pelvic pain does not improve with medical treatment, when there are large endometriomas, and when endometriotic implants compromise the proper functioning of other organs such as the intestines or bladder. In some cases, surgery is performed to improve reproductive prognosis.
The aftereffects of surgery largely depend on which pelvic structures are affected and on the stage of the disease. Chronic pain may persist, genitourinary and intestinal injuries secondary to surgery may occur, or abdominal adhesions may develop (certain tissues or organs stick to each other).
Yes. PGT is allowed, sex selection is allowed only for medical reasons.
Donor treatments are well‑established and thoroughly researched. Safety is ensured through comprehensive examinations, screenings and individualised planning. We also review general pregnancy‑related risks and follow‑up with you.
Yes. Embryo freezing is a well-established and safe part of modern fertility treatment. With current freezing and thawing techniques, the majority of embryos remain viable, and the safety of the treatment is carefully monitored throughout the entire process.
Endometriosis is a chronic benign disease that depends on hormones (estrogens). It is associated with a slight increase in the risk of certain types of ovarian cancer. This risk is significantly reduced with contraceptive treatment. No reliable diagnostic tests are available.
Insemination is typically repeated for 3–6 cycles, depending on individual circumstances such as age and fertility factors. If pregnancy does not occur after several attempts, your doctor may recommend other treatment options, such as IVF.
Treatment can often begin within approximately 2–4 months of the initial appointment. The timeline depends on your individual situation, required examinations and donor availability. Our aim is always to ensure smooth and timely progress. You may also attend the initial appointment solely to explore options, without committing to treatment.
Insemination can, in certain situations, be used for heterosexual couples, but it is not a common or first-line treatment.
IUI may be considered in specific cases, for example:
mildly reduced sperm motility
unexplained infertility after evaluation
difficulties with sexual intercourse
use of previously frozen sperm
retrograde ejaculation in selected cases
Because the chance of pregnancy per IUI attempt is relatively low for heterosexual couples, IVF is often recommended when the goal is to optimize the chances of achieving pregnancy.
No, insemination is usually quick and painless. The procedure takes only a few minutes. Most patients can return to normal daily activities immediately after the procedure.
Yes, ovulation induction is a safe and well-established treatment when carefully monitored by a fertility specialist. Ultrasound follow-ups help ensure that the ovaries respond appropriately and reduce the risk of complications, such as multiple pregnancies.
No. Surrogacy is not permitted; the woman who gives birth is the legal mother.
In donor egg treatment, the child does not inherit your genes. However, pregnancy, childbirth and early bonding create a strong connection between parent and child. For many parents, the experience of parenthood is deeply personal and meaningful in every way.
Ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval may cause mild discomfort or tenderness, but our care team supports you throughout the process, relieving discomfort and minimizing risks. Many egg donors are pleasantly surprised by how easy the process feels and how mild the retrieval-related pain typically is.
Yes. Compensation is paid for each donation. The greatest reward, however, is knowing that you have helped people who want children on their journey to becoming parents.
According to the currently valid Act on Assisted Fertility Treatments, every gamete donor is entered in a register maintained by a public authority, so that a child who may have been born from a donated gamete can, when they turn 18 years of age, obtain information about the donor’s identity from the National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health. However, a person who has donated gametes does not have any rights or obligations as regards the child.
The identity of the donor will not be revealed to the couple who receive their gametes. They will only be told about the donor’s outward appearance, such as height, the colour of their hair and eyes, and their ethnic background. The same donor’s gametes can be used for providing children to no more than five different families. Each donation event is assessed separately. You can withdraw from the donation process without explanation at any time before the embryo transfer.
Success depends on several factors, including age, overall health, and the cause of ovulation problems. If ovulation is the main fertility issue and no other conditions are present, success rates are high. Your doctor will discuss your personal chances after an individual medical evaluation.
Work
There are no restrictions on working while undergoing IVF treatment. However, we recommend taking the day off on the day of egg retrieval.
Exercise
Light physical activity after egg retrieval or embryo transfer is beneficial. However, we recommend avoiding heavy lifting and high-impact exercise involving jumping or jolting movements.
Sex
We recommend abstaining from sexual intercourse the day before the ovulation trigger injection and for two weeks after egg retrieval, as there is a risk of infection.
Bathing
You are advised to avoid bathing for up to two weeks after egg retrieval due to the risk of infection.
According to Finnish fertility treatment law, donors are compensated for expenses such as daily allowances, travel costs, and receive a €350 inconvenience allowance.
The most meaningful reward, however, is the chance to help create a new life.
Treatment costs depend on the selected treatment type and your individual plan. We review pricing clearly during the initial appointment so that you understand the total costs before making a decision.
Once the child reaches the age of majority, they may contact the civil registry office to obtain information about their artificial conception. If an anonymous donor is used, the donor’s personal information is not disclosed to the parents—it is protected by law.
Only general, non-identifying information (such as height, eye color, education, and marital status) may be disclosed.
Although the law does not require parents to inform the child, both specialists and Estonian guidelines recommend being honest and open about the child’s origins. This supports the child’s sense of a holistic identity and aligns with international recommendations.
This is called azoospermia. It does not always mean you cannot have biological children. We can investigate if sperm can be retrieved directly from the testicular tissue (TESE) or if hormonal treatment can restore production.
If pregnancy does not occur on the first attempt, we will plan the next steps together. We review what can be adjusted and how the chances of success can be improved in future treatments.
PMOS (Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome; previously named Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, PCOS) is a common hormonal condition affecting people of reproductive age. It is associated with irregular menstrual cycles, hormonal imbalance, and changes in ovarian function. PMOS is a long-term condition, but with the right care, symptoms can be managed effectively.
Embryo diagnostics helps to identify chromosomal abnormalities and hereditary diseases in individual embryos. It is recommended, for example, for couples with known hereditary diseases or recurrent miscarriages.
The most significant development in recent years is that surgical indications have become increasingly limited. This helps preserve ovarian function and fertility in patients affected by the disease, since surgery greatly impacts ovarian reserve.
There is still a long way to go to fully understand this disease and thereby improve its treatment and prognosis.
Common symptoms include irregular or absent periods, ovulation disturbances, acne, increased hair growth on the face or body, hair thinning, and weight changes. Some people experience only mild symptoms, while others may notice more significant effects.
You are not alone in making this decision. We provide time for questions and allow you to proceed at your own pace. If needed, we can also refer you for additional counselling support. Many find it helpful to review options and the treatment pathway calmly and step by step.
The fact that egg freezing is available today means that we can help women and couples who wish or need to postpone pregnancy in a completely new way. There are several reasons for preserving unfertilized eggs through freezing.
If there is an increased risk of early menopause, for example as a result of cancer treatment or another illness.
If a woman needs to undergo medical or surgical treatment that makes postponing childbirth necessary.
If there is a social situation in which pregnancy is not currently possible, but having children in the future is desired.
The ideal time is before age 30 for the highest egg quality, but freezing in your early 30s still greatly improves future chances compared to trying to conceive later in life.
Primary infertility affects couples who have never achieved pregnancy. Secondary infertility occurs after having had at least one child.
Yes. In most cases, success rates using frozen sperm are very similar to those using fresh sperm, especially with advanced techniques like IVF/ICSI.
Our clinic follows strict data protection and confidentiality practices. Donor identity is carefully protected, and information is used only in appropriate and legally required contexts. In Finland, the details of all gamete donors are registered, and any child born from the treatment has the right to receive the donor’s identity upon reaching the age of 18.
