Autoimmune disorders occur when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues. When affecting the reproductive system, these conditions can cause inflammation or clotting that impacts fertility and pregnancy.
One of the most common reproductive-related conditions is Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)—also called acquired thrombophilia—an autoimmune condition in which the immune system produces antibodies that increase the likelihood of blood clot formation. APS is estimated to be responsible for 10-15% of recurrent miscarriages.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)—also called acquired thrombophilia—is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system produces antibodies that increase the likelihood of blood clot formation.
Thrombophilia is a condition in which the blood has an increased tendency clot. Antiphospholipid syndrome is diagnosed when antiphospholipid antibodies are present and the individual has experienced recurrent miscarriage, certain pregnancy complications, or a history of venous or arterial thrombosis.
Autoimmune Hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis) occurs when the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and interferes with its ability to produce sufficient thyroid hormones. These hormones are important for regulating the ovarian cycle and embryo implantation.
Celiac Disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the immune system reacts to gluten, potentially damaging the lining of the small intestine and causing malabsorption. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley and rye. The most common symptoms include diarrhea, bloating and fatigue. Long term complications may include infertility.
Other immunological factors, such as KIR genotype, HLA-C typing, NK (natural killer) cells and anti-parental antibodies have been linked to miscarriages and implantation failures. However, the current scientific evidence supporting these factors remains limited.
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